Exempla antiqua

Classical and Medieval Latin examples for learners

Indefinite relative Relative

Noun use of the relative

  1. Quī tacet cōnsentīre vidētur.
  2. Bīs [twice] vincit quī sē vincit in victoriā. (Publius Syrus)
  3. Crudelis [cruel] est nōn fortis quī infantem necat. (Publius Syrus)
  4. Fēlīx quī nihil dēbet.
  5. Male facere quī vult [= optat] numquam nōn causam invenit. (Publius Syrus)
  6. Quod est parātum nōn semper iuvat. (Publius Syrus)
  7. Quod cibus est aliīs, aliīs est ācre venēnum [poison].
  8. Multōs timēre dēbet quem multī timent. (Publius Syrus)

 

Indefinite relative Relative

Qui bibit

Two monks observe a third who is asleep against a cask.

Quī bibit, dormit;
quī dormit, nōn peccat;
quī nōn peccat, sānctus est;
ergō: quī bibit, sānctus est.

Vocabulary:

peccō, peccāre, peccāvī, peccātus — to sin

sānctus, sāncta, sānctum — holy

Relative

Quem recitas meus est libellus

Quem recitās meus est, ō Fīdentīne, libellus;
sed male cum recitās, incipit esse tuus.

Martial 1.38

libellus, libellī, m. — liber parvus

male — badly (adv. of malus, -a, -um)

Perf pass indic Relative

Cippus coin

Coin with equestrian statue

Silver denarius of Augustus. 16 BC.

Reverse of coin showing cippus with highly abbreviated inscription

Reverse

RIC I (second edition) Augustus 362. 1944.100.38334

SPQR
IMP CAE
QVOD V
M S EX
EA P Q IS
AD A DE

S(ENATVS) P(OPVLVS)Q(VE) R(OMANUS)
IMP(ERATORI) CAE(SARI)
QVOD V(IAE)
M(VNITAE) S(VNT) EX
EA P(ECUNIA) Q(VAM) IS
AD A(ERARIAM) DE(TULIT)

Senātus populusque Romānus imperātōrī Caesarī
quod viae mūnītae sunt
ex eā pecūniā quam is ad aerārium dētulit.

Around the edge of the reverse:

L VINICIVS L F III VIR

Dative with adj Numbers Pres pass indic Relative

Martial 6.1

Sextus mittitur hic tibi libellus,

inprīmīs mihi cārē Mārtiālis:

quem sī terseris aure dīligentī,

audēbit minus ānxius tremēnsque

magnās Caesaris in manūs venīre.

Shelmerdine 12: carus + dat., numbers, si

Shelmerdine 13: Relative pron.

Shelmerdine 14: Present passive

Vocab

libellus, libellī, m. liber parvus
inprīmīs especially
tergeō, tergēre, tersī, tersus to wipe, clean
auris, auris, f. ear
dīligens, diligentis careful, scrupulous
ānxius, -a, -um anxious, uneasy
tremēns, trementis trembling, fearful
manus, manūs, f. hand (manūs here acc. pl.)

If you wait until ch. 16, don’t need to gloss manus; and tremens forms a good lead in to pres. act. ppl. in ch. 17.